In a step-up transformer, the number of loops in the secondary coil is greater than the primary coil, so that the induced voltage will increase. On the other hand, if the number of loops of the secondary coil is less that the primary coil, the induced voltage will be reduced. This kind of transformer is a step-down transformer.
The ratio of voltage in the Primary Coil (Vp) is to the induced voltage in the Secondary Coil (Vs) equals to the ratio of the number of loops in Primary Coil (Np) to that in the number of loops in the Secondary Coil (Ns). Thus,Vp Np
--------- = ------------
Vs Ns
So, if you have an appliance at home that operates on 110 volts AC but your wall outlet is a 220 Volts AC source, you should use a transformer. If the number of loops in the primary coil is 2000, how many loops should the secondary coil have?
From the equation we have:
Np Vs
Ns = --------------
Vp
(2000)(110 V)
Ns = --------------------------
220 V
= 1000 loops
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